Practice Flashcards
How do protected areas conserve biodiversity?
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All Flashcards in Topic 3.5
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3.5.15 cards
How do protected areas conserve biodiversity?
They protect core habitats by limiting human activity, allowing populations to survive and reproduce.
Protect habitat.
How do wildlife corridors conserve biodiversity?
They maintain connectivity between habitats, enabling movement and gene flow and reducing isolation.
Connectivity.
Give one limitation of small/isolated protected areas.
Small reserves can suffer from edge effects, inbreeding, and may not support viable populations.
Island effect.
Give one limitation of wildlife corridors.
Corridors may be narrow and vulnerable to edge effects and human disturbance, so design and surrounding land use matter.
Design matters.
What is the best overall strategy in fragmented landscapes?
Combine large protected areas (core habitat) with well-designed corridors (connectivity) to form a network.
Combine both.
3.5.210 cards
What is rewilding?
Rewilding is a conservation approach that restores natural processes and reduces human control so ecosystems can recover.
Restore processes.
What happened to Gorongosa National Park before restoration?
After war, wildlife populations collapsed and the park was left with very few animals.
Collapse after conflict.
How did Gorongosa recover biodiversity?
By reintroducing/protecting wildlife and working with local communities through jobs and shared benefits.
Wildlife + people.
Name two actions used in rewilding projects.
Reintroducing key species and restoring connectivity (corridors) (also reducing harmful human activities).
Actions list.
Why are keystone species important in rewilding?
They have a disproportionately large effect on ecosystem structure and processes, so restoring them can trigger wider recovery.
Big impact species.
Give one benefit of rewilding for local communities.
Creates jobs and income (e.g., rangers, guides, tourism), increasing support for conservation.
Livelihoods.
Give one challenge of large-scale rewilding projects.
They take time, require funding, and may face human-wildlife conflict.
Time + conflict.
Give one example of a rewilding outcome.
Reintroduced predators can control herbivore populations, allowing vegetation and habitats to recover.
Trophic cascade.
Why can rewilding cause conflict with local people?
People may fear predators or worry about crop/livestock losses, so planning and community support are essential.
Social acceptance.
Why is international cooperation sometimes needed for rewilding?
Species and ecosystem processes cross borders, so shared planning and support can improve success.
Nature crosses borders.
Topic 3.5 study notes
Full notes & explanations for Protected areas, corridors
ESS exam skills
Paper structures, command terms & tips
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