IB Economics HL · 2022 to 2025
2.8 Market failure: externalities and common pool resources
39 past paper questions from 25 papers across 9 exam sessions. See what repeats, then practise the same skills with AI marking.
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HL archive · 2022 to 2026
2.8 Market failure: externalities and common pool resources
Latest exam session: May 2026
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Micro-topics in 2.8 Market failure: externalities and common pool resources
In syllabus order. The ring is the share of papers each appears in.
- Frequently tested
last May 26 P2 TZ3
- Regular
last Nov 25 P3
- Rising
last May 26 P2 TZ2
- Occasional
last May 24 P3
Exam pattern
How often each micro-topic has been examined, year by year. Each label is explained under the grid.
Does it repeat?
Questions per year for each micro-topic.
fewermore
| Micro-topic | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1Positive externalities, 2022: 1 question | ·Positive externalities, 2023: 0 questions | 1Positive externalities, 2024: 1 question | 5Positive externalities, 2025: 5 questions | 1Positive externalities, 2026: 1 question | |
| 8Negative externalities, 2022: 8 questions | 1Negative externalities, 2023: 1 question | 3Negative externalities, 2024: 3 questions | 3Negative externalities, 2025: 3 questions | 1Negative externalities, 2026: 1 question | |
| 2Correcting negative externalities, 2022: 2 questions | 1Correcting negative externalities, 2023: 1 question | 3Correcting negative externalities, 2024: 3 questions | 3Correcting negative externalities, 2025: 3 questions | ·Correcting negative externalities, 2026: 0 questions | |
| 1Common pool resources, 2022: 1 question | 4Common pool resources, 2023: 4 questions | 1Common pool resources, 2024: 1 question | ·Common pool resources, 2025: 0 questions | ·Common pool resources, 2026: 0 questions |
- Risingappearing more often in the last two years than before
- Frequently testedin at least a quarter of all papers, and still appearing in the last two years
- Regularin roughly one paper in six or more
- Occasionalin about one paper in ten
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Questions on 2.8 Market failure: externalities and common pool resources, by exam session
Which papers asked about 2.8 Market failure: externalities and common pool resources, and which question numbers. Open a paper to see them highlighted.
May 2026
2 questions across 2 papers
November 2025
3 questions across 3 papers
May 2025
7 questions across 5 papers
November 2024
3 questions across 2 papers
May 2024
3 questions across 3 papers
November 2023
3 questions across 3 papers
November 2022
3 questions across 3 papers
May 2022
1 question across 1 paper
Specimen 2022
3 questions across 3 papers
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Frequently asked questions
Short answers about this page.
Which Economics HL exam sessions are covered for 2.8 Market failure: externalities and common pool resources?
10 exam sessions from 2022 to 2026, the latest May 2026. Every Paper 1, 2 and 3 in every timezone is read and classified in full, which gives 25 papers in this archive.
Which 2.8 Market failure: externalities and common pool resources topic comes up most?
Positive externalities (2.8.3): in 18% of papers, last seen May 26 P2 TZ2. Usually "Explain", worth about 4.8 marks in a paper that includes it.
Can I see the original question and mark scheme?
No. The wording belongs to the IB. You get the citation, the marks, the command term and the skill tested, plus our own matched practice questions with worked answers and AI marking.
What do "banker", "due" and "rising" mean?
Banker: examined in at least one sitting in four and still appearing. Due: regular before, but absent for the last two exam sessions. Rising: clearly more common in the last two years. Our classification of real papers, not an IB statistic.
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