IB Economics HL · 2022 to 2025

2.4 Critique of maximizing behaviour of consumers and producers

9 past paper questions from 6 papers across 4 exam sessions. See what repeats, then practise the same skills with AI marking.

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HL archive · 2022 to 2025

2.4 Critique of maximizing behaviour of consumers and producers

Latest exam session: May 2025

questions
9
questions
papers
6
papers
exam sessions
4
exam sessions
micro-topics
5

Micro-topics in 2.4 Critique of maximizing behaviour of consumers and producers

In syllabus order. The ring is the share of papers each appears in.

  • 3

    2.4.1

    The rational consumer and producer model

    1 question · in 3% of papersAppears in 1 of the 32 Economics HL papers analysed (3%), at least once each.

    Less common

    last May 22 P3

  • 9

    2.4.2

    Behavioural economics and biases

    3 questions · in 9% of papersAppears in 3 of the 32 Economics HL papers analysed (9%), at least once each.

    Occasional

    last May 25 P3

  • 6

    2.4.3

    Nudge theory and choice architecture

    3 questions · in 6% of papersAppears in 2 of the 32 Economics HL papers analysed (6%), at least once each.

    Occasional

    last May 25 P3

  • 3

    2.4.4

    Costs and revenue basics

    1 question · in 3% of papersAppears in 1 of the 32 Economics HL papers analysed (3%), at least once each.

    Less common

    last May 25 P2 TZ1

  • 3

    2.4.5

    Economies and diseconomies of scale

    1 question · in 3% of papersAppears in 1 of the 32 Economics HL papers analysed (3%), at least once each.

    Less common

    last May 22 P2

Exam pattern

How often each micro-topic has been examined, year by year. Each label is explained under the grid.

Does it repeat?

Top 4 of 5 micro-topics for the next sitting. Numbers are questions per year.

fewermore

Micro-topic20222023202420252026
2.4.2Behavioural economics and biasesOccasional
1Behavioural economics and biases, 2022: 1 question1Behavioural economics and biases, 2023: 1 question·Behavioural economics and biases, 2024: 0 questions1Behavioural economics and biases, 2025: 1 question·Behavioural economics and biases, 2026: 0 questions
2.4.3Nudge theory and choice architectureOccasional
·Nudge theory and choice architecture, 2022: 0 questions·Nudge theory and choice architecture, 2023: 0 questions2Nudge theory and choice architecture, 2024: 2 questions1Nudge theory and choice architecture, 2025: 1 question·Nudge theory and choice architecture, 2026: 0 questions
2.4.4Costs and revenue basicsLess common
·Costs and revenue basics, 2022: 0 questions·Costs and revenue basics, 2023: 0 questions·Costs and revenue basics, 2024: 0 questions1Costs and revenue basics, 2025: 1 question·Costs and revenue basics, 2026: 0 questions
2.4.5Economies and diseconomies of scaleLess common
1Economies and diseconomies of scale, 2022: 1 question·Economies and diseconomies of scale, 2023: 0 questions·Economies and diseconomies of scale, 2024: 0 questions·Economies and diseconomies of scale, 2025: 0 questions·Economies and diseconomies of scale, 2026: 0 questions

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  • Occasionalin about one paper in ten
  • Less commonin fewer than one paper in fifteen

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Questions on 2.4 Critique of maximizing behaviour of consumers and producers, by exam session

Which papers asked about 2.4 Critique of maximizing behaviour of consumers and producers, and which question numbers. Open a paper to see them highlighted.

  • May 2025

    2 questions across 2 papers

  • November 2024

    1 question across 1 paper

  • May 2023

    1 question across 1 paper

  • May 2022

    2 questions across 2 papers

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Frequently asked questions

Short answers about this page.

Which Economics HL exam sessions are covered for 2.4 Critique of maximizing behaviour of consumers and producers?

8 exam sessions from 2022 to 2025, the latest May 2025. Every Paper 1, 2 and 3 in every timezone is read and classified in full, which gives 6 papers in this archive.

Which 2.4 Critique of maximizing behaviour of consumers and producers topic comes up most?

Behavioural economics and biases (2.4.2): in 9% of papers, last seen May 25 P3. Usually "define", worth about 7 marks in a paper that includes it.

Can I see the original question and mark scheme?

No. The wording belongs to the IB. You get the citation, the marks, the command term and the skill tested, plus our own matched practice questions with worked answers and AI marking.

What do "banker", "due" and "rising" mean?

Banker: examined in at least one sitting in four and still appearing. Due: regular before, but absent for the last two exam sessions. Rising: clearly more common in the last two years. Our classification of real papers, not an IB statistic.

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