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Topic 5.2Digital Society HL12 flashcards

Governance and human rights

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Card 1 of 125.2.1
5.2.1
Question

The security trade

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All Flashcards in Topic 5.2

Below are all 12 flashcards for this topic. Sign up free to track your progress and get personalized review schedules.

5.2.14 cards

Card 1concept
Question

The security trade

Answer

Every measure buys real security and spends privacy, a new way in, or a power that outlasts the emergency.

Card 2concept
Question

The security ratchet

Answer

Removing a power means arguing publicly that the threat has gone, so measures are extended rather than repealed.

Card 3concept
Question

How to judge a security measure

Answer

By what it will be used for in ten years, not by this emergency — and attach a review date.

Card 4concept
Question

Why a reporting duty is cheap in rights terms

Answer

It collects from organisations rather than from people, so it corrects an incentive instead of removing a right.

5.2.24 cards

Card 5concept
Question

The four rungs of participation

Answer

Told, asked, heard, deciding.

Card 6concept
Question

Where most of the power sits

Answer

In setting the question. A consultation on somebody else's options hands over much less than it appears to.

Card 7concept
Question

The test for a real consultation

Answer

A published response saying what changed as a result and what did not.

Card 8concept
Question

What skews participation

Answer

Time, confidence, the language of the process, and what people happen to be shown.

5.2.34 cards

Card 9concept
Question

The four entry points for discrimination

Answer

Who is in the data, what it was trained to predict, how fairness was tested, and how the output is used.

Card 10concept
Question

Why more data is not enough

Answer

It reaches only the first entry point; the label still encodes the past decision the system learned from.

Card 11concept
Question

Why separate fairness tests fail

Answer

Each averages over everybody with that characteristic, so a small intersection disappears into the average.

Card 12concept
Question

When advice becomes a decision

Answer

When the person reading it has thirty seconds and has to justify disagreeing with it.

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IB Digital Society HL Topic 5.2 Flashcards | Governance and human rights | Aimnova