Unit 2 · Structure 2: Models of bonding and structure · Topic 2.2

IB Chemistry HL — The covalent model

Topic 2.2 of IB Chemistry covers The covalent model, which is part of Unit 2: Structure 2: Models of bonding and structure. Students explore key concepts including Covalent bonding and Lewis structures, Molecular shapes (VSEPR), Bond polarity and electronegativity, and more. A strong understanding of the covalent model is essential for IB Chemistry HL exams and builds the foundation for connected topics across the syllabus.

Exam technique guide Practice questions

What you'll learn in Topic 2.2

2.2.1 Covalent bonding and Lewis structures
2.2.2 Molecular shapes (VSEPR)
2.2.3 Bond polarity and electronegativity
2.2.4 Covalent network structures
2.2.5 Intermolecular forces and physical properties

Suggested study order: Read the notes for each sub-topic below → test yourself with flashcards → attempt practice questions → review exam technique.

Study resources — 2.2 The covalent model

2.2.1

Covalent bonding and Lewis structures

Notes

2.2.2

Molecular shapes (VSEPR)

Notes

2.2.3

Bond polarity and electronegativity

Notes

2.2.4

Covalent network structures

Notes

2.2.5

Intermolecular forces and physical properties

Notes

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Topic 2.2 The covalent model forms a core part of Unit 2: Structure 2: Models of bonding and structure in IB Chemistry HL. Mastering these concepts will strengthen your understanding of connected topics across the syllabus and prepare you for exam questions that require analysis, evaluation, and real-world application.

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IB Chemistry HL — The covalent model