Topic 3.4: Conservation Strategies Questions

Define the term protected area.

Outline one ecosystem service that a forest provides which could be supported by a PES scheme.

A ranger team uses satellite images to detect new clearings in a protected area and responds quickly. Identify the type of action this represents.

A protected area reduces logging and land clearing. Suggest one additional benefit for biodiversity besides increased forest cover.

State one ecosystem service provided by forests that could justify a PES scheme.

A timber company wants to sell wood to high-value international markets but must meet sustainability standards to do so. Identify the conservation tool being used.

A farmer plans to clear forest for cattle ranching, but a PES programme offers annual payments if the forest is kept standing. Suggest one reason this could reduce deforestation.

Define the term Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES).

A forest reserve exists on paper, but illegal logging continues because there are no patrols. Suggest one reason why the protected area is not effective.

A protected area has clear rules, but local people still clear land because they do not know the boundaries. Suggest one way management could improve effectiveness.

In a mountainous region, wild wolves have returned following conservation measures that limit hunting. Many sheep farmers graze their flocks on open upland pastures during the summer months, and some farmers are concerned about livestock losses caused by wolf predation.

Outline how ecotourism can support biodiversity conservation.

State what an environmental 'certification' label aims to show.

A government turns part of a logged forest into a national park and bans land clearing inside it. Outline two ways this could increase forest cover over time.

Explain what is meant by secondary succession in a forest that has been cleared for farming and then abandoned.

A country introduces a deforestation ban in key watersheds and sets large fines for illegal clearing. Explain how laws and penalties could increase forest cover.

Table 1 shows forest cover in two regions over eight years. Region A created a protected area and increased enforcement in year 2. Region B did not.

A remote rainforest area becomes popular with tourists. Suggest one potential disadvantage of ecotourism if it is poorly managed.

Explain how certification schemes could reduce deforestation over time.

A PES programme pays only large landowners, while small farmers receive nothing and continue clearing to survive. Suggest one way to improve the fairness and effectiveness of the programme.